Color blindness is a condition that affects the way a person distinguishes two or more colors, most commonly red and green. It is also possible to lack the ability to distinguish any type of color, though this is very rare.
Causes
The most common cause of color blindness is a problem in the development of the color-sensing ability in nerve cells of the eye, called cones. Cones are found in the retina, which is the layer of tissue at the back of the eye on which light is focused.
This problem is most commonly inherited from mutations on the X chromosome. Because of that genetic location, color blindness is more common in men than in women (men have two X chromosomes and a higher likelihood of having at least one that is sufficient to provide normal color vision).
Other causes include accidents or trauma, side effects from certain types of medication, and damage to the retina.
Diagnosis
The Ishihara Color Test is the most common way to diagnosis color deficiencies. It represents series of pictures made up of colored spots with a figure embedded in it as a slightly different color. The figure can be seen with normal color vision, but not with a particular color defect.
In this picture, the number 74 should be visible to people with normal color vision. Viewers with certain deficiencies may see it as 21, and others with more drastic color blindness may not see any number at all.
Treatment
There is no treatment to cure color blindness. People who suffer from color blindness have to learn to adapt to the lack of color vision.
Bojan Kozomara (Banjaluka, 30. decembra 1978) je doktor medicine, specijalista oftamologije i direktor specijalne oftalmološke bolnice Svjetlost Banja Luka.
U svom rodnom gradu završio je Gimnaziju i Medicinski fakultet, a 2009. godine specijalizovao se za oblast oftamologije. 2016. godine postao je magistar medicinskih nauka iz oblasti oftamologije, a svoju profesiju usavršio je na Klinici za očne bolesti, VMA Beograd, Srbija, te na Klinici Oculistica Universita „Careggi“, u Firenci, Italija. Nakon završene specijalizacije u Italiji, odlučio se vratiti u rodnu Banjaluku i tu pokrenuti privatnu kliniku, koja će za vrlo kratko vrijeme postati popularna i prepoznatljiva u regionu, ali i svijetu.
